本日の学習コンテンツ
Japanese Learning Contents
- ~みたい like…
- ~らしい has characteristics of… something heard
- ~っぽい describing characteristics and excessiveness…
~みたい
①父は子どものように笑う
My dad laughs like a child.
②父は子どもみたいに笑う
My dad laughs like a child.
【意味】 本当はちがうけど〇〇に見える・〇〇に感じる
[Meaning #1] The subject is actually not the thing it is compared to, but the subject has characteristics of the thing compared to that you can see and/or feel.
①先生は学校に来ない
The teacher doesn’t come to school.
②先生は学校に来ないみたいだ
It looks like the teacher is not coming to school.
【意味】自分は〇〇だと思う・予想する
[Meaning #2] What you think/expectations
【かたち】[Conjugation]
名詞+みたいだ・みたいに・みたいな
Subject+みたいだ・みたいに・みたいな
(たとえば)(For example)
あの雲は車みたいだ(車に見える)
That cloud looks like a car (resemblance is visual).
海の色が空みたいに青いです(空の色に見える)
The color of the sea is blue just like the sky (you can see the color of the sky, has similar characteristics to the sea).
春みたいな天気ですね(春に感じる)
The weather is like spring (It’s actually not spring, but it feels like it is spring).
動詞の普通形+みたいだ
A verb’s plain form+みたいだ
(たとえば)(For example)
この猫の顔は笑っているみたいだ(笑っているように見える)
The cat’s face looks like it is a laughing face. (It looks like the cat is laughing).
明日は部長も来るみたいですよ。(部長も来ると思う)
It looks like the boss is also coming tomorrow. (Something that you think. You think the boss is coming in tomorrow).
【れいぶん】[Example Sentences]
・彼は笑わないので怒っているみたいだ。(みえる)
It looks like he is mad because he isn’t smiling. (Something you see)
・あの男の子はかわいくて女の子みたいだね。(みえる)
That boy is cute and looks like a girl. (Something you see)
・風が強くて台風みたいな日ですね。(感じる)
It’s a windy day just like a typhoon. (Something you feel)
・ガラスがダイヤモンドみたいに光っている。(みえる)
The glass is shining like a diamond. (Something you see)
・このマンションは誰も住んでいないみたいだ。(思う)
It looks like no one is living in this mansion. (What you think)
・部長も明日の飲み会に来るみたいですよ。(思う・聞いた)
It looks like the boss is also coming to tomorrow’s drinking party. (What you think and what you heard)
~らしい
①今日は夏のような暑さだ(夏ではない)
Today is hot like summer (It’s actually not summer however).
②今日は夏らしい暑さだ(夏に言う文)
Today is hot like summer (What you say when it is summer).
【意味】 その特徴がある
[Meaning #1] Has characteristics of…
①雨がふるよ
It is going to rain
②雨がふるらしい(雨がふるそう)
It looks like it will rain (The weather is showing characteristics of rainy weather)
【意味】そう聞いた
[Meaning #2] something you have heard
「〇〇そう」と同じ意味
~らしい has the same meaning as [~そう (looks like)]
【かたち】[Conjugation]
名詞 + らしい・らしく
Subject+らしい/らしく
(たとえば)(For example)
彼のお父さんは先生らしいよ。(人から聞いた)
I heard that his father is a teacher. (Something heard from someone else)
子どもらしく外で遊ぶ(「外で遊ぶ」は子どもの特徴の1つ)
The child is playing outside (as is expected of a child… typical of a child)
動詞・イ形容詞の普通形 + らしい
Verbs and い adjectives+らしい
(たとえば)(For example)
彼は会社をやめるらしいよ(人から聞いた)
I heard he is going to leave the company. (Something heard from someone else)
妹の学校の先生は怖いらしいよ(人から聞いた)
I heard that my younger sister’s teacher is scary. (Something heard from someone else)
【れいぶん】[Example Sentences]
・毎日勉強して学生らしい生活をする。(特徴)
Study every day just like the lifestyle of a student. (Characteristic)
・社長は汚い作業服を着て、社長らしくない。(特徴)
The company president’s work clothes are dirty, which is uncharacteristic of a company president. (Characteristic)
・彼はアメリカに住んでいたらしい。(聞いた)
I heard that he lived in America. (Something heard)
・少しのお酒はからだにいいらしい。(聞いた)
I heard that a little alcohol is good for the body. (Something heard)
・この2台は社長の車らしいです。(聞いた)
I heard that these 2 cars are the company president’s. (Something heard)
・あのホテルは1泊4万円らしいよ。(聞いた)
I heard that that hotel costs 40,000 yen for one night. (Something heard)
~っぽい
①あの子は女の子みたいだ
That child looks like a girl.
②あの子は女の子っぽい
That child looks like a girl.
【意味①】 〇〇に見える・〇〇に感じる
[Meaning #1] Something you can see and something you can feel
☆本当はそうではないけどそう見える・感じる
The subject is not actually what it is compared to but looks and feels like something else.
①彼はすぐに怒る
He will get mad soon
②彼は怒りっぽい
He will get mad soon. (It is typical of him to get mad).
【意味】すぐ〇〇する・よく〇〇する
[Meaning] it is typical of a subject to do/become like… He/she often does/becomes…
☆人の性格を表すことが多く、悪い意味の時によく使う
~っぽい usually represents someone’s personality or something about them. It usually has a negative meaning.
①あぶらが多い料理が嫌いです。
I hate food that has a lot of oil in it.
②あぶらっぽい料理が嫌いです。
I hate food that has a lot of oil in it.
【意味】何かが少し多いと感じる
[Meaning] When there is just a little too much of something
☆料理のことで使うことが多い
~っぽい is often used in cooking
【かたち】[Conjugation]
名詞+っぽい
Subject+っぽい
(たとえ)(For example)
あの男の子は大人っぽい(大人にみえる)
That boy looks like an adult. (Can see similar characteristics to that of an adult)
粉っぽいパンケーキはまずい(粉が多い)
Pancakes with too much flour in them taste terrible. (Too much flour)
動詞のます形+っぽい
When using ~っぽい with verbs, use a verb’s pre~ます form, then addっぽい
(たとえば)(For example)
おばあちゃんは忘れっぽい(よく忘れる)
Grandma is forgetful. (She often forgets things)
イ形容詞+っぽい
~い adjectives+っぽい
(たとえば)(For example)
その服は安っぽい(安く見える)
Those clothes look cheap. (Something you can see)
【れいぶん】[Example Sentences]
・彼は今週末暇っぽいよ。(意味①:そう見える)
He looks like he is free this weekend. (Meaning #1: making a conjecture based off something you can see)
・頭が痛いし風邪っぽいなぁ。(意味①)
My head hurts, so I think I have a cold. (Meaning #1)
・年をとって最近忘れっぽいなぁ。(意味②:よくAする)
I’m becoming forgetful as I get older. (Meaning #2: often do/becoming…)
・もうやめたの?あなたは飽きっぽいよね。(意味②)
Did you already quit? You usually get tired/lose interest (in something) don’t you? (Meaning #2)
・このカレーは水っぽいなぁ。(意味③:多い)
This curry is watery. (Meaning #3: too much of…)
【N3の漢字と言葉】[N3 kanji and words]
①宅配便がとどく
The express mail service will arrive.
②インターネットで生活が便利になる
The internet has made life more convenient.
③光熱費や公共料金を銀行で振り込む
Pay the electric and utility bill at the bank.
④帰るときに市役所に寄る
When I go home I’ll stop by the city hall.
⑤毎月ベトナムへ送金する
Send remittances to Vietnam every month.
⑥給料が減ってきつい
The salary is unintentionally decreasing.
⑦お金を貯金する
To save money
⑧やっと仕事が終わった
Finally, work is done.
⑨日本で暮らす
To live/get by in Japan
⑩キャンセル料金を返金してもらった
I got a refund for the cancellation fee.